Quality 312-38 PDF Dumps - 312-38 Exam Questions
Most UptoDate EC-COUNCIL 312-38 Exam Dumps PDF 2022
Final Thoughts
With the recent technological advancements, computer networks are no longer the simple connection of servers and systems managed by network administrators they used to be. They are complex infrastructures that have reduced the globe to a small village. But with this comes the consistent threat of digital attacks. To evade such incidents, most of the independent certification vendors such as the EC-Council are moving ahead of time to create certification paths to validate security experts who can act as the last line of defense against security incidents. Well, if getting a job in this path makes sense to you, check out the EC-Council Certified Network Defender designation alongside 312-38 evaluation. Simply put, it is a rewarding career track, to say the least.
NEW QUESTION 63
Which of the following is an Internet application protocol used for transporting Usenet news articles between news servers and for reading and posting articles by end-user client applications?
- A. NTP
- B. DCAP
- C. BOOTP
- D. NNTP
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) is an Internet application protocol used for transporting Usenet news articles (netnews) between news servers and for reading and posting articles by end user client applications. NNTP is designed so that news articles are stored in a central database, allowing the subscriber to select only those items that he wants to read.
Answer option D is incorrect. Network Time Protocol (NTP) is used to synchronize the timekeeping among the number of distributed time servers and clients. It is used for the time management in a large and diverse network that contains many interfaces. In this protocol, servers define the time, and clients have to be synchronized with the defined time. These clients can choose the most reliable source of time defined from the several NTP servers for their information transmission. Answer option C is incorrect. The Data Link Switching Client Access Protocol (DCAP) is an application layer protocol that is used between workstations and routers for transporting SNA/NetBIOS traffic over TCP sessions. It was introduced in order to address a few deficiencies by the Data Link Switching Protocol (DLSw). The DLSw raises the important issues of scalability and efficiency, and since DLSw is a switch-to-switch protocol, it is not efficient when implemented on workstations. DCAP was introduced in order to address these issues.
Answer option B is incorrect. The BOOTP protocol is used by diskless workstations to collect configuration information from a network server. It is also used to acquire a boot image from the server.
NEW QUESTION 64
Which of the following standards is a proposed enhancement to the 802.11a and 802.11b wireless LAN (WLAN) specifications that offers quality of service (QoS) features, including the prioritization of data, voice, and video transmissions?
- A. 802.11e
- B. 802.15
- C. 802.11n
- D. 802.11h
Answer: A
Explanation:
The 802.11e standard is a proposed enhancement to the 802.11a and 802.11b wireless LAN (WLAN) specifications. It offers quality of service (QoS) features, including the prioritization of data, voice, and video transmissions. 802.11e enhances the 802.11 Media Access Control layer (MAC layer) with a coordinated time division multiple access (TDMA) construct, and adds error-correcting mechanisms for delay-sensitive applications such as voice and video. Answer option D is incorrect. 802.11h refers to the amendment added to the IEEE 802.11 standard for Spectrum and Transmit Power Management Extensions. Answer option B is incorrect. 802.11n is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11-2007 wireless networking standard to improve network throughput over the two previous standards - 802.11a and 802.11g - with a significant increase in the maximum raw data rate from 54 Mbit/s to 600 Mbit/s with the use of four spatial streams at a channel width of 40 MHz. Answer option A is incorrect. IEEE 802.15 is a working group of the IEEE 802 and specializes in Wireless PAN (Personal Area Network) standards. It includes seven task groups, which are as follows: 1.Task group 1 (WPAN/Bluetooth) 2.Task group 2 (Coexistence) 3.Task group 3 (High Rate WPAN) 4.Task group 4 (Low Rate WPAN) 5.Task group 5 (Mesh Networking) 6.Task Group 6 (BAN) 7.Task group 7 (VLC)
NEW QUESTION 65
Which of the following is a communication protocol that multicasts messages and information among all member devices in an IP multicast group?
- A. IGMP
- B. ICMP
- C. EGP
- D. BGP
Answer: A
Explanation:
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is a communication protocol that multicasts messages and information among all member devices in an IP multicast group. However, multicast traffic is sent to a single MAC address but is processed by multiple hosts. It can be effectively used for gaming and showing online videos. IGMP is vulnerable to network attacks. Answer option A is incorrect. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a maintenance protocol that allows routers and host computers to swap basic control information when data is sent from one computer to another. It is generally considered a part of the IP layer. It allows the computers on a network to share error and status information. An ICMP message, which is encapsulated within an IP datagram, is very useful to troubleshoot the network connectivity and can be routed throughout the Internet. Answer option C is incorrect. BGP stands for Border Gateway Protocol. It is an interautonomous system routing protocol and is a form of Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP). This protocol is defined in RFC-1267 and RFC-1268. It is used for exchanging network reachability information with other BGP systems. This information includes a complete list of intermediate autonomous systems that the network traffic has to cover in order to reach a particular network. This information is used for figuring out loop-free interdomain routing between autonomous systems. BGP-4 is the latest version of BGP. Answer option D is incorrect. Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) is a protocol that exchanges routing information between different autonomous systems. It is commonly used between hosts on the Internet to exchange routing table information. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the only active EGP.
NEW QUESTION 66
You work as a Network Security Analyzer. You got a suspicious email while working on a forensic project. Now, you want to know the IP address of the sender so that you can analyze various information such as the actual location, domain information, operating system being used, contact information, etc. of the email sender with the help of various tools and resources. You also want to check whether this email is fake or real. You know that analysis of email headers is a good starting point in such cases. The email header of the suspicious email is given below:
What is the IP address of the sender of this email?
- A. 172.16.10.90
- B. 141.1.1.1
- C. 216.168.54.25
- D. 209.191.91.180
Answer: C
Explanation:
The IP address of the sender of this email is 216.168.54.25. According to the scenario, you want to know the IP address of the sender so that you can analyze various information such as the actual location, domain information, operating system being used, contact information, etc. of the email sender with the help of various tools and resources. You also want to check whether this email is fake or real. You know that analysis of email headers is a good starting point in such cases. Once you start to analyze the email header, you get an entry entitled as X-Originating-IP. You know that in Yahoo, the X-Originating-IP is the IP address of the email sender and in this case, the required IP address is 216.168.54.25. Answer options A, C, and B are incorrect. All these are the IP addresses of the Yahoo and Wetpaint servers.
NEW QUESTION 67
CORRECT TEXT
Fill in the blank with the appropriate word. A______________policy is defined as the document that describes the scope of an organization's security requirements.
Answer:
Explanation:
security
Explanation:
A security policy is defined as the document that describes the scope of an organization's security requirements. Information security policies are usually documented in one or more information security policy documents. The policy includes the assets that are to be protected. It also provides security solutions to provide necessary protection against the security threats.
NEW QUESTION 68
Which of the following is a worldwide organization that aims to establish, refine, and promote Internet security standards?
- A. IEEE
- B. ANSI
- C. WASC
- D. ITU
Answer: C
Explanation:
Web Application Security Consortium (WASC) is a worldwide organization that aims to establish, refine, and promote Internet security standards. WASC is vendor-neutral, although members may belong to corporations involved in the research, development, design, and distribution of Web security-related products. Answer option A is incorrect. ANSI (American National Standards Institute) is the primary organization for fostering the development of technology standards in the United States. ANSI works with industry groups and is the U.S. member of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC). Long-established computer standards from ANSI include the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) and the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI). Answer option D is incorrect. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is an organization established to standardize and regulate international radio and telecommunications. Its main tasks include standardization, allocation of the radio spectrum, and organizing interconnection arrangements between different countries to allow international phone calls. ITU sets standards for global telecom networks. The ITU's telecommunications division (ITU-T) produces more than 200 standard recommendations each year in the converging areas of telecommunications, information technology, consumer electronics, broadcasting and multimedia communications. ITU was streamlined into the following three sectors: ITU-D (Telecommunication Development) ITU-R (Radio communication) ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization) Answer option C is incorrect. The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) is a society of technical professionals. It promotes the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences. IEEE develops communications and network standards, among other activities. The organization publishes number of journals, has many local chapters, and societies in specialized areas.
NEW QUESTION 69
Which of the following is a 16-bit field that identifies the source port number of the application program in the host that is sending the segment?
- A. Source Port Address
- B. Acknowledgment Number
- C. Header Length
- D. Sequence Number
Answer: A
Explanation:
Source Port Address is a 16-bit field that identifies the source port number of the application
program in the host that is sending the segment.
Answer option C is incorrect. This is a 32-bit field that identifies the byte number that the sender of
the segment is expecting to receive from the receiver.
Answer option B is incorrect. This is a 4-bit field that defines the 4-byte words in the TCP header.
The header length can be between 20 and 60 bytes. Therefore, the value of this field can be
between 5 and 15.
Answer option A is incorrect. This is a 32-bit field that identifies the number assigned to the first
byte of data contained in the segment.
NEW QUESTION 70
What is the name of the authority that verifies the certificate authority in digital certificates?
- A. Directory management system
- B. Certificate Management system
- C. Registration authority
- D. Certificate authority
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 71
Which of the following key features limits the rate a sender transfers data to guarantee reliable delivery?
- A. Error-free data transfer
- B. Ordered data transfer
- C. Congestion control
- D. Flow control
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 72
Adam, a malicious hacker, has just succeeded in stealing a secure cookie via a XSS attack. He is able to replay the cookie even while the session is valid on the server. Which of the following is the most likely reason of this cause?
- A. Encryption is performed at the application layer (single encryption key).
- B. Encryption is performed at the network layer (layer 1 encryption).
- C. Two way encryption is applied.
- D. No encryption is applied.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Single key encryption uses a single word or phrase as the key. The same key is used by the sender to encrypt and the receiver to decrypt. Sender and receiver initially need to have a secure way of passing the key from one to the other. With TLS or SSL this would not be possible. Symmetric encryption is a type of encryption that uses a single key to encrypt and decrypt data. Symmetric encryption algorithms are faster than public key encryption. Therefore, it is commonly used when a message sender needs to encrypt a large amount of data.
Data Encryption Standard (DES) uses the symmetric encryption key algorithm to encrypt data.
NEW QUESTION 73
Simran is a network administrator at a start-up called Revolution. To ensure that neither party in the company can deny getting email notifications or any other communication, she mandates authentication before a connection establishment or message transfer occurs. What fundamental attribute of network defense is she enforcing?
- A. Authentication
- B. Integrity
- C. Confidentiality
- D. Non-repudiation
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 74
Which of the following steps of the OPSEC process examines each aspect of the planned operation to identify OPSEC indicators that could reveal critical information and then compare those indicators with the adversary's intelligence collection capabilities identified in the previous action?
- A. Application of Appropriate OPSEC Measures
- B. Analysis of Threats
- C. Identification of Critical Information
- D. Assessment of Risk
- E. Analysis of Vulnerabilities
Answer: E
Explanation:
OPSEC is a 5-step process that helps in developing protection mechanisms in order to safeguard sensitive information and preserve essential secrecy. The OPSEC process has five steps, which are as follows: 1.Identification of Critical Information: This step includes identifying information vitally needed by an adversary, which focuses the remainder of the OPSEC process on protecting vital information, rather than attempting to protect all classified or sensitive unclassified information. 2.Analysis of Threats: This step includes the research and analysis of intelligence, counterintelligence, and open source information to identify likely adversaries to a planned operation. 3.Analysis of Vulnerabilities: It includes examining each aspect of the planned operation to identify OPSEC indicators that could reveal critical information and then comparing those indicators with the adversary's intelligence collection capabilities identified in the previous action. 4.Assessment of Risk: Firstly, planners analyze the vulnerabilities identified in the previous action and identify possible OPSEC measures for each vulnerability. Secondly, specific OPSEC measures are selected for execution based upon a risk assessment done by the commander and staff. 5.Application of Appropriate OPSEC Measures: The command implements the OPSEC measures selected in the assessment of risk action or, in the case of planned future operations and activities, includes the measures in specific OPSEC plans.
NEW QUESTION 75
What command is used to terminate certain processes in an Ubuntu system?
- A. #grep Kill [Target Process]
- B. #ps ax Kill
- C. #kill -9 [PID]
- D. # netstat Kill [ Target Process]
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 76
Which of the following IEEE standards provides specifications for wireless ATM systems?
- A. 802.11a
- B. 802.5
- C. 802.3
- D. 802.1
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 77
Which of the following protocols is used to exchange encrypted EDI messages via email?
- A. MIME
- B. S/MIME
- C. HTTP
- D. HTTPS
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 78
Which of the following is a technique for gathering information about a remote network protected by a firewall?
- A. Warchalking
- B. War driving
- C. War dialing
- D. Firewalking
Answer: D
Explanation:
Fire walking is a technique for gathering information about a remote network protected by a firewall. This technique can be used effectively to perform information gathering attacks. In this technique, an attacker sends a crafted packet with a TTL value that is set to expire one hop past the firewall. If the firewall allows this crafted packet through, it forwards the packet to the next hop. On the next hop, the packet expires and elicits an ICMP "TTL expired in transit" message to the attacker. If the firewall does not allow the traffic, there should be no response, or an ICMP "administratively prohibited" message should be returned to the attacker. A malicious attacker can use firewalking to determine the types of ports/protocols that can bypass the firewall. To use firewalking, the attacker needs the IP address of the last known gateway before the firewall and the IP address of a host located behind the firewall. The main drawback of this technique is that if an administrator blocks ICMP packets from leaving the network, it is ineffective. Answer option B is incorrect. Warchalking is the drawing of symbols in public places to advertise an open Wi-Fi wireless network. Having found a Wi-Fi node, the warchalker draws a special symbol on a nearby object, such as a wall, the pavement, or a lamp post. The name warchalking is derived from the cracker terms war dialing and war driving. Answer option C is incorrect. War driving, also called access point mapping, is the act of locating and possibly exploiting connections to wireless local area networks while driving around a city or elsewhere. To do war driving, one needs a vehicle, a computer (which can be a laptop), a wireless Ethernet card set to work in promiscuous mode, and some kind of an antenna which can be mounted on top of or positioned inside the car. Because a wireless LAN may have a range that extends beyond an office building, an outside user may be able to intrude into the network, obtain a free Internet connection, and possibly gain access to company records and other resources. Answer option D is incorrect. War dialing or wardialing is a technique of using a modem to automatically scan a list of telephone numbers, usually dialing every number in a local area code to search for computers, Bulletin board systems, and fax machines. Hackers use the resulting lists for various purposes, hobbyists for exploration, and crackers - hackers that specialize in computer security - for password guessing.
NEW QUESTION 79
FILL BLANK
Fill in the blank with the appropriate term.
A ______________ is a physical or logical subnetwork that contains and exposes external services of an
organization to a larger network.
Answer:
Explanation:
demilitarized zone
Explanation:
A demilitarized zone (DMZ) is a physical or logical subnetwork that contains and exposes external services of
an organization to a larger network, usually the Internet. The purpose of a DMZ is to add an additional layer of
security to an organization's Local Area Network (LAN); an external attacker only has access to equipment in
the DMZ, rather than the whole of the network. Hosts in the DMZ have limited connectivity to specific hosts in
the internal network, though communication with other hosts in the DMZ and to the external network is allowed.
This allows hosts in the DMZ to provide services to both the internal and external networks, while an
intervening firewall controls the traffic between the DMZ servers and the internal network clients. In a DMZ
configuration, most computers on the LAN run behind a firewall connected to a public network such as the
Internet.
NEW QUESTION 80
Which characteristic of an antenna refers to how directional an antennas radiation pattern is?
- A. Directivity
- B. Radiation pattern
- C. Polarization
- D. Typical gain
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 81
Rick has implemented several firewalls and IDS systems across his enterprise network. What should he do to effectively correlate all incidents that pass through these security controls?
- A. Implement IPsec
- B. Implement Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
- C. Use firewalls in Network Address Transition (NAT) mode
- D. Use Network Time Protocol (NTP)
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 82
Timothy works as a network administrator in a multinational organization. He decides to implement a dedicated network for sharing storage resources. He uses a_______as it seperates the storage units from the servers and the user network.
- A. SCSA
- B. SAN
- C. NAS
- D. SAS
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 83
......
Understanding functional and technical aspects of Certified Network Defender Business Principles and Practices
The following will be discussed in ECCOUNCIL EC 312-38 exam dumps:
- Discuss the implementation of encryption of “Data at rest”
- Discuss Data Masking ConceptsDiscuss data backup and retention
- Discuss security guidelines to mitigate risk associated with enterprise mobile usage policies
- Discuss Windows Active Directory Security Best Practices
- Understand Security Challenges and risks associated with IoT-enabled environments
- Discuss IoT Security Tools and Best Practices
- Understand IoT Ecosystem and Communication models
- Discuss the implementation of Encryption of “Data at transit” between database server and web server
- Discuss and implement various enterprise-level mobile security management Solutions
- Discuss the security in IoT-enabled Environments
- Understand IoT Devices, their need, and Application Areas
- Discuss Windows Patch Management
- Discuss Various Windows Security Features
- Discuss the implementation of Encryption of “Data at transit” in Email Delivery
- Discuss Windows OS Security Hardening Techniques
- Discuss the Security Risk and challenges associated with Enterprises mobile usage policies
- Discuss Data Destruction Concepts
- Discus Network Virtualization (NV) Security
- Discuss Common Mobile Usage Policies in Enterprises
- Discuss and refer various standards, Initiatives and Efforts for IoT Security
- Discuss Security Measures for IoT-enabled Environments
- Discuss Security guidelines and tools for Android devices
- Discuss Windows Security Components
- Discuss the implementation of Encryption of “Data at transit” between browser and web server
- Discuss Security guidelines and tools for iOS devices
- Discus OS Virtualization Security
- Discuss Windows User Account and Password Management
- Discuss the implementation of data access controls
- Discuss User Access Management
- Discuss the implementation of Encryption of “Data at transit”
- Data Loss Prevention(DLP) Concepts Understand Virtualization Essential Concepts
- Discuss Windows security baseline configurations
- Discuss Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Security
- Discuss Software-Defined Network (SDN) Security
- Discuss Security Guidelines, recommendations and best practices for Dockers
- Discuss Security Guidelines, recommendations and best practices for Kubernetes
- Understand Data Security and its Importance
- Discuss Security Guidelines, recommendations and best practices for Containers
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